Importance of Statistics in Business Free Essays

The Institute of Chartered Accountants of Pakistan Auditing Intermediate Examination Autumn 2012 Module D Q. 1 5 September 2012 100 imprints †3 hours Additional perusing time †15 minutes Shahrukh and Company, Chartered Accountants, have led the legal review of the budget reports of Karim Limited, a recorded organization, for the year finished 30 June 2012 under the Companies Ordinance, 1984. The activity incharge has drafted the accompanying review report: Auditors’ Report to the Members We have inspected the added asset report of Karim Limited (the Company) as at 30 June 2012, and the related Income and Expenditure Account, Statement of Comprehensive Income, Cash Flow Statement and Statement of Changes in Equity along with the notes shaping part thereof, for the year at that point finished and we express that we have acquired all the data and clarifications which were fundamental for the motivations behind our review. We will compose a custom paper test on Significance of Statistics in Business or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now It is the obligation of the company’s the executives to build up and keep up an arrangement of interior control and get ready and present the above said explanations in congruity with the affirmed examining gauges and the necessities of the fourth calendar to the Companies Ordinance, 1984. Our obligation is to review these announcements. We directed our review as per the evaluating principles as appropriate in Pakistan. These norms necessitate that we design and play out the review to get sensible and constrained confirmation about whether the above articulations are liberated from any misquote. A review incorporates inspecting proof supporting the sums and exposures in the above said proclamations. A review likewise incorporates surveying the bookkeeping arrangements and critical assessments made by the board, just as, assessing the general introduction of the above said explanations. We accept that our review gives a sensible premise to our supposition and, after due confirmation, we report that: (an) as we would see it, legitimate books of records have been stayed with by the. (b) as we would see it: (I) the monetary record and benefit and misfortune account along with the notes subsequently have been drawn up in similarity with the Companies Ordinance 1984, and are in concurrence with the books of record and are further as per bookkeeping strategies reliably applied; (ii) the use brought about during the year was in ccordance with the objects of the Company; and (iii) the business led, speculations made and the use acquired during the year were with the end goal of the Company’s business; (c) as we would see it and to the best of our data and as indicated by the clarifications given to us, the monetary record, benefit and misfortune account, explanation of exhaustive salary, income proclamation and articulation of changes in value along with the notes framing part thereof, accommodate with the affirmed bookkeeping gauges as pertinent in Pakistan and give the data required by the Companies Ordinance, 1984, in the way so required and separately give a valid and reasonable perspective on the condition of the Company’s issues as at 30 June 2012; and (d) as we would like to think, no zakat was deductible at source under the Zakat and Ushr Ordinance, 1980. Sanctioned Accountants Date: 01 September 2012 Required: Identify the blunders in the above report opposite a standard legal review report. (Note: You are not required to redraft the report. ) (12 imprints) Auditing Page 2 of 3 Q. 2 As the commitment accomplice, you have evaluated the review working papers of Samar kand Limited (SL). The review group has featured the accompanying issues in the working papers. (a) 20% of the company’s recorded turnover (income) contains money deals. Legitimate records of money deals have not been kept up. Therefore, the review group couldn't configuration review strategies to check the money deals. During the current year, the organization changed the strategy for charging devaluation on its fixed resources from the straight line to the reducing balance technique. Be that as it may, all the necessary revelations have been remembered for the notes to the budget reports. The past year’s budget summaries were evaluated by another firm of contracted bookkeepers which has given an un-adjusted assessment on those fiscal reports. (b) (c) Required: Discuss the effect of every one of the above issues on your review report. (10 imprints) Q. 3 You are right now in the arranging period of the review of Mineral Water Limited (MWL) for the year finished 30 June 2012. The accompanying data is accessible to you: Customer Segment Super markets Wholesalers Retailers Five star inns No. of Customers 12 65 553 7 Balance 10-20 21-30 31-90 gt; 90 extraordinary days †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Rs. in thousand†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 20,014 8,125 5,053 6,396 311 129 14,910 5,078 6,019 3,150 454 209 4,743 1,756 1,798 724 278 187 7,694 2,805 2,793 1,784 201 111 47,361 17,764 15,663 12,054 1,244 636 half arrangement for far fetched obligations has been made by MWL against balances extraordinary for over 30 days while the equalizations remarkable for over 90 days have been completely given. Required: (an) Indicate what might be the reason for choosing indebted individuals for circularizing positive and negative solicitations for affirmations. 06 imprint) (b) Briefly disclose concerning how might you manage a circumstance where a borrower affirms a parity which is not the same as the sum showing up in the affirmation demand. (08 imprint) Q. 4 (a) Classification of specific things detailed in the budget reports depends on the management’s goals. In such a circumstance the reviewer needs to depend on the board portrayals. Required: List the variables that the examiner ought to consider in assessing the management’s aims as to their future game-plan, as expressed in their composed portrayals. (04 imprint) (b) Briefly talk about how the reviewer would manage a circumstance where he is in question in regards to the unwavering quality of the composed portrayals gave by the administration of the organization. (05 imprint) Q. 5 Rundown the considerable strategies that might be performed by an evaluator to check the accompanying: (a) (b) (c) Bank compromise explanations Payroll Raw material buys (06 imprints) (08 imprints) (06 imprints) Auditing Page 3 of 3 Q. 6 List the review strategies that might be performed by the evaluator so as to guarantee that all occasions happening between the date of the budget summaries and the date of the auditor’s report that require change of, or divulgence in, the fiscal summaries are recognized and suitably reflected in the budget reports. (10 imprints) Q. 7 Discuss the classes of dangers that might be associated with every one of the accompanying free circumstances and inform the accomplices concerning the concerned firm as to the conceivable strategy that might be followed, for each situation. a) Burewala Bank Limited (BBL) is a recorded review customer of Umer and Company, Chartered Accountants (UCC). BBL has conceded a house credit of Rs. 5 million to an accomplice in UCC. (04 imprints) Kamal was the review administrator during the last year’s yearly review of Faisalabad Textile Mills Limited (FTML). He has joined FTML as their Manager Finance, before the beginning of the current year’s review. (08 imprints) (b) Q. 8 Comment on every one of the accompanying autonomous circumstances concerning the relevant guidelines and guidelines. (a) Zaman is an accomplice in a firm of Chartered Accountants and holds 5,000 offers in Mardan Limited (ML). His firm has gotten a proposal for arrangement as inspectors of Khanewal Limited (KL). ML and KL are auxiliaries of Dera Khan Limited (DKL). (03 imprints) Bilal and Company has gotten a proposal for arrangement as examiners of IJK Limited. The all out settled up capital of the organization is Rs. 990 million though its normal offer capital is Rs. 130 million. Faryal, the spouse of an accomplice in Bilal and Company, is a chief in LMN Limited which holds 50 million non-casting a ballot inclination offers and 2 million common offers in IJK Limited. Faryal additionally holds 10,000 offers in LMN Limited. The standard estimation of the two kinds of offers is Rs. 10 each. (04 imprints) (b) Q. 9 List the significant issues that are required to be remembered for a review commitment letter. (06 imprints) (THE END) Step by step instructions to refer to Importance of Statistics in Business, Papers

Andrew Jackson :: essays research papers

Andrew Jackson turned into the nation’s seventh president in 1829. He rolled out critical improvements in American governmental issues around then. He was extremely famous with the individuals due to the way that he was a legend of the War of 1812. He had additionally served in the senate and was an extreme man who had showed the soul of the boondocks. One change Jackson realized was the consistently expanding intensity of the west. He happened to be the main president to originate from the west of the Appalachians. Jackson was additionally the beginning of another period of majority rules system in American governmental issues. He didn’t have a place with a gathering but instead had a lot of mainstream support.      Jackson supporters were poor and generally new voters. In contrast to different races (other than that of 1824) every single white man were permitted to cast a ballot as opposed to simply white male land owners. The appointment of Jackson in 1828 significantly increased the votes cast from 356,000 of every 1824 to 1.1 million out of 1828. The majority of those new voters gave their votes to the man of the individuals, Jackson. The intensity of the voters was clear. Jackson had won 178 appointive votes to Adam’s 83. The political decision likewise blended another change; the restoration of the two-party framework. This race gave voters a decision between two up-and-comers with strongly varying perspectives. A resistance had emerged and with it came numerous contentions however the new party would likewise reinforce the majority rule process by blending banters on key issues and giving two unique perspectives on issues.      Many recently chose authorities chose for office utilized a training called support. Jackson made the training official by excusing in excess of 200 presidential workers and around 2,000 different officeholders. They were supplanted with 2,000 Jacksonian Democrats. The term corruption was before long inferred for the support framework under Jackson. The crown jewels or loot (occupations of past deputies and officeholders) were taken from a vanquished foe. Jackson expressed, with regards to the corruption that any wise man could hold an open office. His help for the framework made him mainstream with the normal man.      Jackson didn't support of an overwhelming or controlling central government. He felt the national government ought to be the least required as could reasonably be expected. He vetoed numerous demonstrations of congress in his term as president, one being a street from Maysville, Kentucky to Lexington, Kentucky. He felt the state should fabricate the street and not the national government.

The Apple Product Strategy

The Apple Product Strategy When we talk about Apple, what usually comes to mind is its product line, which has become equated with high quality, invention and innovation. Preorders come rolling in even months before the release of a new product, and customers barely even blink when it comes with a steep price tag attached. Why, you ask? Because it is an Apple product, which means that it is not something to take lightly. But what this really means is that Apple has a solid product strategy in place, and it is actually working. © Shutterstock.com | mama_miaIn this article, we will 1) briefly look at Apples product portfolio and 2) investigate Apples product strategy.A BRIEF LOOK AT APPLES PRODUCT PORTFOLIOWhen it comes to consumer electronics and computing technology, one of the most recognizable names in the world is Apple. It is one of the world’s largest information technology company, and ranks in the top three manufacturers of mobile phones in the world. In a 2014 survey, it was adjudged as the most valuable brand in the world, valued at close to USD120 billion.Originally named Apple Computer Inc. when it was founded in 1976 by Steve Jobs, Ronald Wayne and Steve Wozniak, it was originally focused on hardware development, primarily on personal computers. It wasn’t until in 2007 when it decided to shift to developing consumer electronics products that it gained a new identity as Apple Inc.The products that are best identified with Apple include the following:HardwareMac computers (i.e. iMac, Mac Min i, MacBook, MacPro, MacBook Air, and MacBook Pro)iPod portable digital media players (i.e. iPod Shuffle, iPod Nano, and iPod Touch)iPhone smartphones, evolving as follows:First generation iPhoneiPhone 3GiPhone 4iPhone 5iPhone 5SiPhone 5CiPhone 6siPhone 6s PlusiPad tablets, evolving as follows:iPad (iPad first generation, iPad 2, iPad 3, iPad 4)iPad Mini (iPad Mini first generation, iPad Mini 2, iPad Mini 3, iPad Mini 4)iPad Air (iPad Air first generation, iPad Air 2)iPad ProApple Watch smartwatchApple TVComputer accessoriesSoftwareOperating systems (OS X and iOS)iTunes (media player)Safari (web browser)Creativity and productivity suites (iWork and iLife)ServicesiTunes Music StoreApp Store (for Mac and iOS)iCloudApple SIM (SIM card service for iPadAPPLE’S PRODUCT STRATEGYQuality Product with Premium OfferingsThe entrance of other players in the consumer electronics market meant that Apple is getting stiffer competition, especially since these competitors are churning out smartphone s and tablets that are significantly lower in price. Apple CEO Tim Cook, however, is unfazed by this non-threat, calling these lower-cost counterparts as the “junk market”. According to Cook, Apple is not catering to this junk market, which is why it opts to stick to offering more expensive products that have a lot more, and better, things to offer, than what these “junk markets” are currently fielding to buying customers.There is no denying, however, that the best product strategy that Apple employs is coming up with very good products. They call it the “great product” strategy. By continuing to hold on to high standards of quality, Apple refuses to get on the bandwagon that most other device makers are using, where they pack their products chock-full of features that, while they may be impressively advanced, actually end up making operating the device actually more complicated and not at all user-friendly.Packaging is certainly not an area where Apple is lacking. It is known for being a company that provides clean and simple, yet functional packaging to its products. More than being flashy, it tends to boast more of a utilitarian aesthetic, but without coming across as boring or plain.The “great product” strategy also focuses on quality over quantity. While other manufacturers’ strategy entail churning out products one after another in a short span of time and having such a diversified product mix, Apple preferred to stick to what it does best. This means that it focuses on selected products and continues enhancing them, instead of branching out to create other products within the same category.If you look at the numbers, it is true that other companies, such as Samsung, are showing higher figures when it comes to unit sales. They are starting to occupy a larger share of the market. But this does not worry Apple. Instead, it continues to focus on its loyal customers and, despite occupying a smaller percentage of the market, is able to posit ion itself as a premium brand and a maker and provider of top quality products.As such, Samsung was able to eat up a huge chunk of the market because of its production of cheap and low-end gadgets. That market is not really what Apple is aiming for, and it is comfortable with the market it has right now.New Updates, Not Necessarily New ProductsMarket trends are constantly changing, and demands are certainly increasing. Other companies’ response to these changes may be “give them new products”. What Apple does is to “improve the products that it has”. This explains the product refreshes and updates that are released on a schedule set by Apple. Thus, the tweaked or updated versions retain the best parts of the old versions, with the “problematic” features corrected or improved. Clearly, this means that the latest iPhone, the iPhone 6 Plus, is a much improved version of the first generation iPhone, or even the previously released iPhone 6.These changes put the Apple produ ct development team in a good light, particularly in the eyes of Apple users, since it implies a commitment on their part of seeking continuous improvement for their product offerings. It also effectively attracts new users, thereby increasing the market share of Apple.Control of Both Software and HardwareAside from producing the hardware â€" the smartphones and the tablets â€" Apple maintains total control of its platform, which is not something that can be completely said of Apple’s main rival platform, Android, which can be modified and tweaked by device manufacturers. Having total control means that Apple users are guaranteed to have the latest version of the operating system, with updates readily and immediately made available to Apple users.Giving Meticulous Attention to DetailThe strategy employed by Apple in its product development largely depends on what the product is. If we look into the key points in the strategy used by Apple for its flagship product, the iPhone, we w ill find that there are four major factors involved: the competitors, a SWOT analysis of your competitors’ product, the target market, and market survey pertaining to the product.1. CompetitorsCompared to when Apple was founded and started its operations, there are now a lot more consumer electronics companies and mobile phone manufacturers that are attempting to compete with Apple. However, out of this sea of competitors, there are only a few companies that are considered to be major threats or those that provide serious competition. These companies include Samsung, Google, Blackberry, Nokia, HTC, and Sony, to name a few. Granted, some of these companies do not really pose a serious threat to Apple, not like Samsung and Google.Case in point: Google is seen as the biggest competitor of Apple when it comes to operating systems and software development. Google has singlehandedly brought about the boom of the Android market, and its app store, Google Play, is currently during it out with Apple’s App Store for the top spot.2. Product SWOTOther companies focus on conducting SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) analysis of their products. Apple does, too, but it does not stop there. It also conducts SWOT analysis of the products of its competitors.Why is that?Doing a product SWOT on your own products will not really give you the whole picture. It only gives you one angle: yours. By checking out the competitor’s product, you will know exactly what you are up against. What makes their product better? What makes yours the best? What are the possible opportunities and threats that the competitor’s products are faced with, and how can you take advantage of that?This practice has certainly paid off for Apple, particularly when it was starting to release new products into the market. They were able to come out with products that are unique and innovative. For example, in the past, phones were bulky and on the heavy side. This was seen by Apple as a weakness, so it zeroed in on that and developed sleeker, thinner, and lighter mobile phone units.3. Target MarketUsually, a business would study the market and identify the segments that it will specifically target, and that will figure greatly in its overall product development and strategy. However, Apple does things differently.Apple is primarily product-driven in its approach, in that it develops the product first, and then seeking out the market for it. This worked thanks, in large part, to the high quality and unique products that Apple has churned out. It did not take long for Apple to become established as a global market. That meant market segmentation is no longer a priority, because Apple’s target market is now the global market.Apple markets its products to cater to anyone and everyone who is looking for great value and high quality â€" all over the world. You will find Apple stores and outlets in major areas of the world, a sure sign that Apple is targeting customers globally.4. Product Related Market SurveyAs mentioned earlier, Apple adapts a product-driven attitude. When it creates products, it automatically assumes that there is a market for it; it’s just that the customers are still unaware that they need the product Apple is developing. It will now be up to Apple, once the product has finished development, to make the market realize that it wants and needs the product that it has to offer. After all, according to Steve Jobs, the customer does not know what he wants.The updates and upgraded versions of products that Apple has been doing in recent years is the result of market surveys that it conducted, asking customers what products they liked, or what specific features they thought were excellent or outstanding.Using the Music BusinessThe computing branch of Apple makes heavy use of the music industry to boost its presence and, consequently, its sales. This has been described as the Halo Effect of the Apple brand, and a good example would be with regards to iTunes.It all started with the iPod, which started out as a simple music player. When the iPod hit the ground running, along with iTunes, Apple made sure to capitalize on the tandem’s popularity to lure other customers to make use of other Apple computing products. The features that users loved using on iPod and iTunes were craftily integrated in other Apple products, so that others who liked them would not hesitate to try other Apple products with similar offerings. The result is a customer experience that has become common across different Apple products.Use of Product Experience in BrandingWe cannot discuss Apple’s product strategy without focusing on its branding. “Apple” has become such a household name globally, and this is attributed to the company’s branding strategy, which was primarily focused on human’s emotions.Anything that strikes a chord in one’s consciousness tends to make a lasting impression, and that’s what Apple capitalized on when it put its brand out there. Customers these days are smarter, looking at the overall experience a product gives them, instead of isolated moments and fleeting flashes. Apple made its brand synonymous with technology playing a major role in one’s lifestyle, innovation, passion, imagination, and human nature’s innate desire to have power or even a small measure of control. Their products offer that sense of control, by integrating concepts of simplicity and convenience.Apple has successfully established a relationship with its customers that can best be described as “intimate”. Take note of the long queues or lines of prospective Apple product buyers that reach all the way down across the street, or the long lists of preorders, whenever a new Apple product is due for release. It takes a lot of dedication and commitment to be one of those people lining up, which is pretty much like being in an intimate relationship.In the same way, the Apple brand also puts emphasis on cus tomer experience by enhancing that sense of community among Apple users. Apple users are inclined to be drawn towards other Apple users, because they somehow get a sense of kinship just by becoming users of the same product, or of different products but belonging within the same product line of the Apple brand.Apple was smart enough to play on the strong brand preference that customers tend to develop when they have tried and tested a specific product. Users will not mind developing an attachment or loyalty to a brand or a product as long as it provides what they are looking for, and by ensuring that this is the case, Apple is able to keep its customers, and keep them coming back.This halo strategy is also seen in how Apple targets its markets. Apple started its computing segment, focusing largely on corporate markets. It used to have a strong presence in business environments. It wasn’t until the 1990s that it withdrew from corporate settings and focused on the individual instead . But that did not last long, as Apple started to go back to the corporate market and prove to be useful to business users. Apple is banking on the popularity of the iPhone, as well as the iPad, to become business tools. Today, what used to be a personal tablet can now be used in an office or workplace setting.Considering how Cook is very vocal  about large corporations and business companies buying and using Apple products in the near future, there is no doubt that we will be seeing more of Apple on those desks.Getting Close to the Apple UserApple is confident about having a very good â€" extraordinary, even â€" product that it can only introduce once. Therefore, it is important to make the introduction have such an impact. Apple is quite good at that, increasing customer anticipation before the release of a product. But what about when the product has already been launched and introduced?This is where Apple’s product strategy becomes more personal, in that it surrounds the produ ct with excellent service and support â€" before, during and after sale â€" as well as applications software. Part of the product strategy of Apple is to ensure that the customer experience is always highly positive. Its efforts to improve the Apple customer experience is apparent in how its distribution channels are continuously expanding. Currently, the major and key cities all over the world are not without an Apple retail store. It has even struck up partnerships with leading telecommunication companies in different countries all over the world, so that the latter would become retail outlets of Apple products. Resellers are also tapped into, both online and brick-and-mortar stores.

The Future of Africa Third World Countries Falling...

The Future of Africa: Third World Countries Falling Further Behind Rory J. OConnors article uses Africa as an example to show how third world countries react to the developing technology of this time. Africa, once called, the dark continent because of its inaccessibility to physical explorations by Westerners is still inaccessible today, both by residents and outsiders via the virtual world. (270) All the advances in technology and more to come in the future will continue to separate countries, like Africa, if they are not currently at the same level of advances. With a population doubling the size of the United States, Africa does not even come close having the technology needed to work with other countries. Although there are†¦show more content†¦In Zaire its fourteen dollars a minute. In Uganda its eight dollars. The businesses who reside there complain about this on a daily basis. (272) The conflict citizens of Africa encounter differentiate from other countries which leads to separate themselves from around the world. The citizens of Africa do not know how to use the little technology they have, much less understand the use and tools of the internet. Africa needs more supplies and teachers if they want to advance technologically without being left out compared to other countries. With lack of knowledge, money, supplies and without the use of the internet it is easy to see that Africa needs help unless it was to be completely forgotten to other countries. For example, OConnor makes the point, Africa has to overcome their obstacles before using the internet. This suggests that Africa t has to be able to run a country efficiently before fitting in with other countries with the internet. Other countries need to help Africa solve such issues as malnutrition and deadly viruses. In addition, Professor Akwule, professor of communications at George Mason University, believes the lack of education separates Africa from other countries. In addition, Professor Irving, head of the National Telecommunications Information Administration, states, Youve got to get people to open up their markets. Its going to take efforts on a global basis to open up markets, and it has to be governmentShow MoreRelatedIntroduction Of A Conventional Banking System1706 Words   |  7 Pagesthe European market such as, Romania, where â€Å"Only about 50% of the population has a bank account.† According to innov8tive.com, a Web source for technology news, resources and innovation of Africa, in its featured article â€Å"Kenya’s M-Pesa Introduced To The European Market,† explains that the reason behind the successful drive of this new money transfer service is due to its â€Å"basic concept† that allows users to â€Å"send and receive money using their mobile phones via text messaging technology† withoutRead MoreOverpopulation and the Carrying Capacity of the Earth Essay examples983 Words   |  4 Pagesbe supported by the available resources while still leaving resources for future generations. All living organisms have this concept behind them. The main factors of food and water and space give a ballpark figure as to how many of one species can live in a certain area. Humans also have a carrying capacity however; unlike our lesser -developed counterparts in the animal kingdom our â€Å"certain† area encompasses the whole world. On top of that, our carrying capacity seems to change from time to timeRead MoreDeveloping Countries Experience A Natural Resource Curse1517 Words   |  7 PagesExplain why some developing countries experience a â€Å"natural resource curse† and evaluate the strategies that they can implement to avoid it. The natural resource curse, or the paradox of plenty , is the paradoxical idea that countries and areas with many available natural resources, more specifically non-renewable resources such as minerals and fuels, often tend to have less economic growth and slower development levels than countries with fewer natural resources. It was first noted in 1995 whenRead MoreWhy Are Some Countries Richer Than Others? Essay1488 Words   |  6 PagesWhy are Some Countries Richer than Others? Poverty is still the biggest problem the world faces from day to day. Every country suffers from it to some degree, however certain places are greater effected than others. This is because the level of economic growth differs from country to country. The greater amount of growth the less room there is for poverty. This is simple reason why some countries are richer than others. If countries fail to move forward than it can present many problems. MainlyRead MoreCritically discuss the concept of Globalisation. What is meant by cultural globalisation?1514 Words   |  7 Pagesin the development of Globalisation. Firstly, the importance of communications within the process of globalisation cannot be underestimated. 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They describe globalization as the â€Å"growing economic interdependence of countries worldwide through the increasing volume and a variety of cross-border transactions in goods and services and of international capital flows and alsoRead MoreAnalysis Of Katherine Boo s Behind The Beautiful Forevers2398 Words   |  10 Pagesillustrated in Katherine Boo’s Behind the Beautiful Forevers. Boo focuses the book on the impoverished slum of Annawadi, located in Mumbai, India. Throughout the book, Boo shows examples of how the citizens of Annawadi are stuck in a poverty trap because of the country’s inconsistent and inefficient systems, leading to the failure of sustainable growth and poverty reduction to the nation. India is not the only place falling victim to this problem; many other third world countries grapple with the same issuesRead MoreTruman s Speech : The Truman Doctrine1719 Words   |  7 Pagesits efforts to support Greece and Turkey to the tune of â€Å"$400,000,000† (Merrill, 222) in economic aid and military assistance, which the latter did not eventually transpire. The plea was made amid Greece’s civil war (1946-49), where as a result of World War II the â€Å"Germans had destroyed virtually all the railways, roads, port facilities, communications, and merchant marine†¦[left] Eighty-five per cent of the children [as] tubercular. Livestock†¦had almost disappeared†¦[where] inflation had wiped outRead MoreBook Review: The Bottom Billion by Paul Collier1802 Words   |  8 Pagesabout the future of the world. Most of the world is on the positive trajectory set by growth and prosperity. The 21st Century is the age of the middle class. For most of the world, things are looking up. However, Collier is co ncerned with a group of countries that are not part of this trajectory. Collier is concerned with approximately 58 countries that constitute about one billion people, or 20 percent of the earth’s population (Collier 7). This â€Å"bottom billion† group belongs to countries that areRead More Economic Networking—Exploring Alternatives for Promoting Sustainable Development in Africa2914 Words   |  12 PagesEconomic Networking—Exploring Alternatives for Promoting Sustainable Development in Africa INTRODUCTION The history of European aid intervention in the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) states has traditionally acted to reinforce the hierarchical distinction between the â€Å"developed† and the â€Å"developing† world. The series of Lome Conventions which granted preferential trade agreements between these groups of countries have proved ineffective in encouraging economic sustainability in the ACP states

Cold Weather As We Know It - 1102 Words

Mamadou Samassi ENG: 1121 Prof. Murphy Ends of cold weather as we know it Wonder whey we had irregular season this year. Have you ever thought about the consequences when you turn on the light, or the engine in your car? Some people call it black gold, but in the scientific community is far from gold, it’s a treat to our very existent but yet we consume it every day. From filling up our cars, or even a bottle of water is made out of oil. Oil was locked under the earth crust for thousands years ago. As the industrial revolution took full affect, we demanded more of the substance, and release a deadly chemical called carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which then heats up the planet. These effect can cause heat weave killing hundred of peoples, irregular season, and melting polar ice caps which thousands of animals relayed on for they survival. I will prove that the more carbon dioxide we release into the atmosphere the more our planet will heats up, and devastate effect will be create. Carbon dioxide is emitted into the atmosphere in a different way; first it is emitted through natural carbon cycle, and through human activities like burning of fossil fuel into the atmosphere. Since the start of the industrial revolution in the 1700’s human activities is predominate the cause of rise of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere like burning of oil, coal and gas we use to fill up our tanks, and through deforestation, all have increase C02 concentration into theShow MoreRelatedEssay about Winter and Sunny Weather Systems1516 Words   |  7 Pages Weather is a fascinating subject. It is such an intricate and amazing process, which our mother earth goes through on a daily basis. All over the world, weather seems to be a very important aspect for our everyday lives. For instance; sunny weather can bring on a very harmonious and beautiful atmosphere, while cloudy and rainy weather can bring about tragedy. 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Succubus Dreams CHAPTER 21 Free Essays

string(93) " we were having to do more mundane searches, like looking for telltale patterns in the news\." Five minutes after Seth left, I realized I’d made a mistake. Not about refusing him – that was the right thing to do. But I shouldn’t have let him walk out like that. We will write a custom essay sample on Succubus Dreams CHAPTER 21 or any similar topic only for you Order Now It was no way to end a fight. I was still angry after all these years that Andrew had died helping those people. I was still pained by his loss. To this day, I believed my stand in the garden had been correct, but nonetheless, I’d always regretted the separation that followed. Anger and pride had come between us, keeping us apart until it was almost too late. Even disagreeing with each other, we shouldn’t have stayed away. We should have talked and tried to find some compromise. I refused to let this fight foster more bad communication and confusion between Seth and me. I wouldn’t let it take away from the time we could have together. I had to fix things. Resolved, I grabbed my coat and purse and headed out the door after him. I half-walked, half-jogged down to the bookstore, where he’d left his car, but it was gone. I’d missed him. I stared at the empty parking lot for a few moments and then went inside. I’d finally bought Carter’s stupid Secret Santa present and had left it in my office earlier. But when I went back inside and stuffed the gift in my purse, I found I didn’t have the will to head back out. Instead, I sank into my chair and buried my face in my hands. How had things gotten so muddled with Seth and me? Had the shooting really given him such a new perspective on life? Would this have happened anyway? Yasmine’s signature suddenly filled the room, and I looked up just in time to see her and Vincent materialize in front of me. Immediately, Seth left my mind. â€Å"Hey, Georgina,† Vincent said. â€Å"I got your mess – â€Å" â€Å"I know about Nyx,† I blurted out. Astonished silence hung in the air. I couldn’t say for sure with nephilim, but I knew angels were rarely caught by surprise. Yasmine clearly had been. And, being an angel, she didn’t try to deny anything about Nyx. She simply asked, â€Å"How?† â€Å"Because she’s using me to do her dirty work.† Their looks of amazement grew. â€Å"Only†¦I’m not exactly sure how she’s doing it.† The two of them glanced at each other, then back at me. â€Å"Start from the beginning,† said Yasmine. â€Å"That’s usually the way to go.† And I did, first telling them about the dreams and the energy loss. After that, it was on to my weird knowledge of tragic events and the residual feelings of Nyx’s activities. Finally, I explained how Erik and Dante had pieced it all together, linking what was happening to me with all of those unfortunate news stories. Yasmine sat down in a folding chair, tipping her head back as she thought. It was kind of like what Vincent had done in the hospital while ruminating. I wondered if it was one of those unconscious gestures couples sometimes picked up from each other. â€Å"Hmm†¦brilliant. That’s how she’s doing it without us finding her.† â€Å"I never would have even thought of that,† agreed Vincent, pacing. â€Å"Which, of course, is the point.† â€Å"You know what she’s doing to me, then?† I asked eagerly. The not-knowing was killing me. â€Å"Yep,† said Yasmine. â€Å"But let’s get the others first.† â€Å"The other – â€Å" The question faded from my lips as three figures materialized in the room: Carter, Joel, and Whitney. Angelic auras crackled around me. I couldn’t help a little envy. It might take me days to hunt down higher immortals, but Yasmine could do it with a thought. Carter smiled when he saw me. Joel looked outraged. Whitney looked confused. â€Å"What’s going on?† Joel demanded. He seemed as angry as the last time I’d seen him. It was a good thing he was immortal, or he probably would have died from high blood pressure ages ago. â€Å"Why have you brought us to this†¦this†¦place.† You would have thought he stood in an opium brothel, as opposed to a tiny office with badly painted walls. Yasmine leaned forward in the chair, hands clasped under her chin and elbows on her knees. Her dark eyes sparkled with excitement. â€Å"We’ve got her. We found her – or rather, Georgina found her.† Joel and Whitney appeared flabbergasted. Carter didn’t. From the look on his face, I felt like he’d been expecting it. â€Å"I can’t believe it took you this long to figure it out,† he joked. Whitney was not amused. â€Å"Explain this.† Yasmine did, and when she was finished, the others were as impressed as she and Vincent had been earlier. Even Joel looked a little less pissed off. â€Å"Ingenuous,† he murmured. â€Å"Every time she escapes, she always thinks up a new way to elude us.† I looked from face to face. My emotions were raw after the blowout with Seth, and I was really low on patience at the moment. â€Å"Will someone finally tell me how I fit into this?† Carter walked over to me. He wore a beat-up blue flannel shirt and a Mariners baseball cap that looked like it had been put through a wood chipper. He was still smiling. â€Å"You must know by now that Vincent’s a psychic. He’s attuned to our world and in some ways has a higher sensitivity to supernatural activity than some of us do. It happens with humans sometimes.† It was true. Angels weren’t omnipotent and didn’t possess all gifts. I nodded along, not letting on that I knew Vincent was actually a psychic nephilim. â€Å"Normally, he’d be able to find her trail pretty quickly. When she runs amuck feeding off mortal chaos, there’s a kind of, I don’t know†¦magical residue left where she’s been. The energy she steals only sustains her; it isn’t actually enough to obscure her. Someone like Vincent can†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Vincent helped him out. â€Å"†¦sniff her out. I’m a paranormal hound.† Yasmine snickered. â€Å"He hasn’t sensed anything so far,† Carter continued, â€Å"which is why we were having to do more mundane searches, like looking for telltale patterns in the news. You read "Succubus Dreams CHAPTER 21" in category "Essay examples"† â€Å"So†¦she was hiding her trail.† I shrugged. â€Å"How do I fit in?† â€Å"She was using you to hide it. In a couple different ways. Kind of a fail-safe, really. In taking energy from you and human victims, she was able to double her stash. It made it easier to hide from us. When her power dipped, I think she was actually†¦hiding in you.† â€Å"Ew.† I suddenly felt violated. â€Å"How is that possible? Is she†¦is she there now?† I glanced down at my lower body, as though I might actually see something. He peered at me. â€Å"No, I don’t think so. She’s probably got enough energy to run loose for a while. As for how she does it†¦well, life and energy move in and out of you, and at some level, she’s both of those things. You’re a conduit for those forces.† â€Å"I wish people would stop calling me that. It makes me feel like a machine.† â€Å"Hardly. The merging she does with you is how you occasionally get a sense for what she’s been doing. Some of the details of her mischief leak into you, though she goes to great pains to hide it – and herself.† â€Å"How?† â€Å"The dreams,† said Vincent. â€Å"She’s distracting you with them. Happy, consuming dreams that you’re starting to obsess on. Your subconscious is so enmeshed in them at night that you don’t notice her leaching the energy while you sleep.† I leaned back in my chair, dumbfounded. I’d dealt with a lot of weird shit in my life – an exceptional amount of it occurring in the last few months, actually – but this was shooting to the top of the list. My skin crawled, and I had the surreal sense that my body was no longer my own. I was also kind of bothered by the fact that my dreams had been red herrings, meant to throw me off the path of what was going on. They were so sweet†¦so powerful. I treasured them, yet it seemed they were nothing but lies. Illusions created by a monster to hide her parasitic control of me. That knowledge cheapened the beauty of what I’d seen. I loved the little girl. I wanted to believe in her. I wanted her to be real. â€Å"Well,† said Joel brusquely, narrowed eyes fixed on me. â€Å"We’ve got to use the succubus to lure Nyx out.† He gestured to me. â€Å"Go. Go out and seduce some poor soul, so Nyx’ll come back.† I flinched. Yasmine glared at him. â€Å"Can’t you see she’s upset? Show some compassion.† â€Å"Denizens of evil deserve none,† he muttered. Across the room, Whitney stood by the door. She’d spoken little, so her voice startled me. â€Å"All creatures deserve compassion.† I looked up and met her eyes. They were dark and bottomless, filled with power and emotion. I had the sensation of falling into that blackness, much like I experienced with Carter sometimes. I decided I didn’t like hanging out with angels. They did a lot of soul searching – and usually it involved mine. More awkward silence fell. â€Å"Okay, okay,† I said. â€Å"We don’t all have to spill our feelings and hold hands here. Tell me what you need me to do.† â€Å"You’re going to be bait, Georgina,† said Carter. â€Å"I’m always bait,† I grumbled. â€Å"Why is that? Why do these things keep happening to me?† Not too long ago, I’d had to play bait for a date-raping demigod. I hadn’t been any happier then than I was now. I expected a joke, but Carter’s response was serious. â€Å"Because you’re one of those unique individuals whom powers in the universe tend to gather around.† That was worse than being a conduit. I didn’t want any of those things. I didn’t want to be a target. I wanted my quiet life back where I worked in a bookstore and had a blissful, perfect relationship with my boyfriend. Okay, I’d never had such a relationship yet, but a girl can dream. Dream. Bad choice of words. â€Å"Unfortunately,† said Yasmine delicately, â€Å"Joel is right to a certain extent. We do need you to, um, replenish your energy in order to lure Nyx out.† Joel grimaced. I sighed. â€Å"I know this is important†¦I don’t want her to hurt anyone else, but well, does it have to be tonight? Can we do it tomorrow? I just†¦I just don’t feel up to it.† Not after Seth. Not after any of this. I was so, so mentally exhausted. Sex sounded nauseating, energy or no. Joel clenched his fists. â€Å"Don’t feel up to it? This is no time for whims! Lives are at stake – â€Å" â€Å"Joel,† said Carter. It was one word, but it was hard and powerful. I’d never heard lax, sarcastic Carter speak in that sort of tone. He and Joel locked gazes. I couldn’t assess higher immortals’ power, but I knew Carter was pretty damned strong. Stronger than Jerome, even. â€Å"Leave her alone. Nyx only attacks when she steals more energy anyway. We should be okay for one night.† If I didn’t know better, I’d say Joel was afraid of Carter. Joel looked very much like he wanted to say a lot more, but he backed down. â€Å"Fine,† he said through gritted teeth. I shot Carter a relieved glance. With the way I felt tonight, I probably would have had about as much luck trying to seduce someone as Tawny. Thinking of the other succubus, I wondered if I should mention my suspicions about Tawny being drained by Nyx too. In the end, I decided against it. That whole situation was still circumstantial. I let it go. Yasmine stood up and laid a hand on my shoulder. â€Å"Rest up. You look terrible. You need to be ready for tomorrow.† â€Å"Yikes. I can look like anything I want. When someone tells me I look terrible, it’s pretty serious.† She smiled. â€Å"It’s more than physical.† She vanished. Whitney and Joel did the same a few moments later. Only Carter remained with Vincent and me. â€Å"It’s going to be okay,† Carter told me. â€Å"I don’t know. There’s a crazy chaos-eating monster flitting in and out of me,† I said. â€Å"You’re going to try to frisk her out. Seems like there’s a high likelihood things might end up pretty not okay.† â€Å"Ye of little faith.† He too disappeared. Vincent and I stood there for several moments. Finally, I sighed once more. â€Å"Fucking angels.† He touched my shoulder. â€Å"Let’s go back home.† We ventured back into the cold and walked to my apartment, saying little. Vincent look tired and thoughtful, no doubt from all the Nyx stuff. As we approached my apartment, however, his expression began to change. At first, he simply looked puzzled. Then he grew surprised, then startled, then horrified, and finally, disgusted. We stopped on the building’s steps. â€Å"What’s wrong?† I asked. He pointed upward. â€Å"There’s something†¦evil in there.† â€Å"Like†¦my apartment? Because, you know, I’m technically evil†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Vincent shook his head. â€Å"No, no. It’s a different kind of evil. You’re evil by nature – no offense. This is something different. A created evil. It’s black and wrong. Unnatural. You know of anyone else who lives in the building that plays for your side?† â€Å"No. Just me.† He grimaced. â€Å"Well, let’s go in then and see where it’s coming from. Ugh. To my senses, it’s like†¦rotting garbage.† We went inside, and it didn’t take him long to figure out where this different evil was coming from. My own apartment. â€Å"Told you I was the only evil thing in here,† I joked. But I was a little uneasy at his reaction. Vincent didn’t respond and simply pushed past me, searching in a way that brought the earlier hound reference to mind. He disappeared into my bedroom and reemerged with Dante’s arts and crafts project. â€Å"This,† declared Vincent, holding it at arm’s length. â€Å"That?† I asked, astonished. â€Å"That’s†¦nothing.† â€Å"Where did you get it?† â€Å"This guy I know made it. The one who was helping me. He’s, I don’t know†¦a pseudo psychic. Maybe a real psychic. Interprets dreams and claims to be a magician.† I stared at the wicker ball. â€Å"Are you saying he really is a magician?† â€Å"Oh, he’s something all right. This thing is so filthy, I can’t believe you can’t feel it. Well, I can believe it†¦I mean, it’s a different sort of magic than you’re attuned to, but Jesus. It makes me feel like I just†¦I don’t know, went swimming in a sewer.† â€Å"Well†¦I know he’s supposed to be, like, bad†¦he and another friend have said as much. But†¦I don’t know. I thought it was just hype.† â€Å"There’s bad and there’s bad,† Vincent said. â€Å"And this is bad. This thing’s a repellent, right? Did he give it to you to keep Nyx away?† â€Å"Yeah†¦but he wasn’t sure if it’d work†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Oh, it’d work. It’d keep about anything away. To make something like this†¦man, Georgina. It’s incredible – the kind of power required. Very few humans are born with this kind of power. He certainly wasn’t. This is stolen power.† â€Å"Everyone steals power,† I noted dryly. â€Å"Me, Nyx†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Vincent’s eyes were hard. â€Å"You and she suck it from people. This was ripped out of someone. The way you’d rip someone’s heart out of their chest.† â€Å"So, what†¦Ã¢â‚¬  I stared. â€Å"Are you saying Dante killed someone to make this?† â€Å"To make this specifically? Perhaps. But someone would need to already possess great power – independent of what he might put in this – to even attempt making it. And to be someone with that kind of power in the first place, he had to have done something, at some point in his life, that was bad.† â€Å"Like†¦killing someone.† â€Å"More than that. A special killing – something sacrificial. You know the kind of power those can yield.† I did. I didn’t have a choice in the succubus soul-stealing thing, but I tried to keep my hands clean of other atrocities. Still, you couldn’t work for Hell and not know about the full range of evils out there and how to achieve them. â€Å"And,† continued Vincent, â€Å"you know that the greater the impact – the greater the meaning – of a sacrificial killing†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Right. The greater the power.† Goosebumps rose on my neck as I started to see where Vincent was going with all this. â€Å"Whatever he did to get this kind of power wasn’t just some random, clean killing. It had meaning for him. And it was horrible. He would have had to turn on himself – give up part of his humanity – to get this kind of power.† I stared at the wicker ball. I couldn’t sense what Vincent could, but now I too was feeling disgusted and uneasy by its presence. And suddenly, Kayla’s repulsion suddenly didn’t seem so strange after all. I’d had the charm in my purse when I saw her. She’d said I was ‘bad’ because I was probably covered in the charm’s power. What had Dante done? What act could sarcastic, laconic Dante have done to achieve the kind of power both Vincent and Hugh had said would be needed to make this kind of charm? Whatever it was, it was the reason Erik hated him. I shivered. â€Å"Can you destroy it?† Vincent nodded. â€Å"You want me to?† A tiny part of me remembered that it had the ability to repel Nyx. But it wouldn’t make her disappear, and we needed her to come back if we were going to stop her for good. Swallowing, I nodded. â€Å"Yeah, go ahead.† It took only a few seconds. Green light encased the wicker sphere, then Vincent’s hand was empty. I’d felt no change in power or anything, but the nephilim looked relieved. I exhaled. â€Å"Well. There’s nothing to stop her now, huh?† â€Å"Nope,† he said, rubbing his hands together. â€Å"Get ready.† How to cite Succubus Dreams CHAPTER 21, Essay examples

Positive Reinforcement †Skinner Essay Sample free essay sample

The best manner to understand the full importance of the applications of B. F. Skinner’s ( 1953. 1971 ) thought and his research consequences is to read his novel. Walden Two ( 1948 ) . The book is about a Utopian community designed and maintained harmonizing to Skinnerian rules of operant behavior and agendas of support. A similar application was made in an industrial state of affairs in the Emery Air Freight instance ( â€Å"At Emery. † 1973 ) . By using Skinnerian rules. which are based on legion research findings. Emery rapidly realised an one-year nest eggs of $ 65O. OOO. Skinner is neither an OD practician nor a direction adviser. but his theory and research are so applicable to direction patterns and to organizational alteration. For Skinner. control is cardinal. If one can command the environment. one can so command behavior. In Skinner’s attack. the more the environment is controlled the better but the necessary component of control. is the wages. We will write a custom essay sample on Positive Reinforcement – Skinner Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page both positive and negative. This necessity is based on a fundamental of behavior that Skinner derived from his many old ages of research. a construct so basic that it may be a jurisprudence of behavior: that people ( and animate beings ) do what they are rewarded for making. Let us see the rules that underlie this fundamental of behavior. The first stage of erudite behavior is called determining. the procedure of consecutive estimates to the desired behavior. When kids are le_arnin2 to walk. they are reinforced by their parents’ promoting remarks or physical stroke but this support typically follows merely the behaviors that lead to effectual walking. Programmed acquisition. invented by Skinner. is based on this rule. To keep the behavior. a agenda of support is applied and. by and large. the more variable the agenda is. the longer the behavior will last. Skinner hence advocates positive support for determining and commanding behavior. Often. nevertheless. when we consider commanding behavior. we think of penalty ( â€Å"If you don’t make this. you’re gon na acquire it: † ) . Harmonizing to Skinner. penalty is no good. His stance is non based wholly on his values or caprices. nevertheless. Research clearly shows that. although penalty may temporarily halt a certain behavior. negative support must be administered continuously for this certain procedure to be maintained. The rule is the antonym of that for positively reinforced behavior. There are two really practical concerns here. First. holding to reenforce a certain behavior continuously is non really efficient. Second. although the punished behavior may be curtailed. it is improbable that the topic will larn what to make ; all that is learned is what non to make. Thus. the manner to command behaviour harmonizing to Skinnerian theory and research is to reenforce the desirable behavior positively and. after the defining procedure. to reenforce the behavior merely on occasion. An attempt~ should be made to disregard unwanted behaviors and non to penalize ( unless. possibly. society must be protected ) but. instead. to pass clip positively determining the coveted behavior. The deductions of Skinner’s work for administrations is that a premium is placed on such activities as establish- ing incentive systems. cut downing oreliminating many of the control systems that contain built-in menaces and penalties. supplying feedback to all degrees of employees sing their public presentation. and developing programmed-learning techniques for developing employees. The application of Skinner’s work to OD did non happen consistently until the seventiess. Therefore. his influence is non every bit permeant as is Maslow’s. for illustration. Skinner’s behaviour -motivation techniques as applied to people besides raise important inquiries sing moralss and values: Who exercise the control and is the receiver cognizant? Therefore. it is non a inquiry of whether Skinner’s methodological analysis plants but instead how and under what fortunes it is used. Mentions: From BURKE. W. W ( 1987 ) : Administration Development. Reading. Massachusetts. Addison-Wesley. pp. 35-37 Mention:â€Å"At Emery Air Freight: Positive Reinforcement Boosts Performance† . Organisational Dynamics. 1 ( 3 ) 41-67 Skinner B. F ( 1948 ) : Walden Two. N. Y. : MacmillanSkinner B. F ( 1953 ) : Science A ; Human Behaviour. N. Y. : Macmillan Skinner B. F ( 1971 ) : Beyond Freedom and Dignity. N. Y. : Knopf.

Society The Classroom For Behavior Essays - Fiction, Literature

Society: The Classroom For Behavior Society: The Classroom for Behavior If a young boy were to open a gift of clothing from his Aunt John on his birthday more than likely his reaction would not be that deemed acceptable by American society because his response of EWW, Clothes would be considered churlish. The socially acceptable response evoked from mommy would be, Thank you for my present Aunt John. This is only one of the many social mores that our society teaches children when they are at a young age. Other mores most have learned or taught through out years have been which side of the plate the fork goes on, opening doors for women and seniors and saying Please and Thank You. Unfortunately, most of these mores are taught to curb a childs innocence and natural behavior. For instance, if a young boy were playing by himself, society would applaud his creativity. However, if an adult or senior citizen were to do the same society would think that they were eccentric or senile. One reason that The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger is a classic is that no matter whether its the society of the 1940's or that of present day, we continue to teach children that acts of innocence and natural behavior are regarded as unacceptable as one grows older. Thus, we are left with a society that is a classroom filled with adults who suppress a childs pastimes. If one saw an adult walking down the street singing a show tune or humming the latest top 40s hit, society would usually view that individual as weird or peculiar. The character, Holden, sees a child following his parents on a busy Broadway street. The child kept singing and hummingin a pretty little voice.(115) Holden comments on how the childs parents paid no attention to him. If the childs parents had been keeping close tabs on him then the reader is to think that the child would have been walking in an orderly fashion closely behind his parents. Near the end of the paragraph, Holden tells how seeing the child singing on the street made him feel better and not quite as depressed. The fact that it made Holden feel happy is because this innocence and natural behavior is accepted, often times praised, and many times enjoyed in little children. It shows their creativity in the ability that they can make up games to play by themselves or make up an imaginary friend, and Holden is the o nly character in the novel that intuitively recognizes this. Throughout every childs life most individuals have been on a merry-go-round and most individuals have enjoyed their ride on it. Well near the end of the novel, Holden enjoys Phoebes ride on the merry-go-round as much as she does. I felt so damn happy all of a sudden, the way old Phoebe kept going around and around. I was damn near bawling, I felt so damn happy, if you want to know the truth.(213) The reason for Holdens joyfulness was the ability to watch his wise and beloved sister go from anger towards him to content. He watched her innocence prevail and it caused him to cry. Holden commented, ..she looked so damn nice, the way she kept going around and around, in her blue coat and all. God, I wish you couldve been there.(213) Again Holden is one of the few people in the novel to distinguish this innocence and natural behavior. The fact that people are forced to curb their natural behaviors in todays society is a reason that The Catcher in the Rye is still a classic and always will be. Allie and Phoebe are two perfect examples for Salingers commentary on how natural innocence and behavior are taught to be bad things. Phoebe, the child who is wise beyond her years, is already at the stage where she has learned that social mores are taught to kids to encourage the ideas of proper socialization. Holden, who is older than Phoebe, goes to her and asks her for advice, therefore showing how Phoebe has already been tainted by society in the fact that Holden goes to her for advice on things that he should

The Christmas Story From the Gospel of Luke in Spanish

The Christmas Story From the Gospel of Luke in Spanish The classic story of the first Christmas from the Gospel of Luke has enchanted readers for centuries. Here is that story from the traditional  Reina-Valera Spanish translation of the Bible, a translation whose cultural importance is comparable to that of the King James Version of the Bible in English and comes from the same era. Lukes Christmas account is one that many English readers will recognize as beginning with And it came to pass in those days, that there went out a decree from Caesar Augustus that all the world should be taxed. Boldfaced words are explained in the vocabulary guide below. San Lucas 2:1-20 Acontecià ³ en aquellos dà ­as que salià ³ un edicto de parte de Cà ©sar Augusto, para levantar un censo de todo el mundo habitado. Este primer censo se realizà ³ mientras Cirenio era gobernador de Siria. Todos iban para inscribirse en el censo, cada uno a su ciudad. Entonces Josà © tambià ©n subià ³ desde Galilea, de la ciudad de Nazaret, a Judea, a la ciudad de David que se llama Belà ©n, porque à ©l era de la casa y de la familia de David, para inscribirse con Marà ­a, su esposa, quien estaba encinta. Acontecià ³ que, mientras ellos estaban allà ­, se cumplieron los dà ­as de su alumbramiento, y dio a luz a su hijo primogà ©nito. Le envolvià ³ en paà ±ales, y le acostà ³ en un pesebre, porque no habà ­a lugar para ellos en el mesà ³n. Habà ­a pastores en aquella regià ³n, que velaban y guardaban las vigilias de la noche sobre su rebaà ±o. Y un ngel del Seà ±or se presentà ³ ante ellos, y la gloria del Seà ±or los rodeà ³ resplandor; y temieron con gran temor. Pero el ngel les dijo: No temis, porque he aquà ­ os doy buenas nuevas de gran gozo, que ser para todo el pueblo: que hoy, en la ciudad de David, os ha nacido un Salvador, que es Cristo el Seà ±or. Y esto os servir de seà ±al: Hallarà ©is al nià ±o envuelto en paà ±ales y acostado en un pesebre. De repente aparecià ³ con el ngel una multitud de las huestes celestiales, que alababan a Dios y decà ­an:  ¡Gloria a Dios en las alturas, y en la tierra paz entre los hombres de buena voluntad! Acontecià ³ que, cuando los ngeles se fueron de ellos al cielo, los pastores se decà ­an unos a otros: Pasemos ahora mismo hasta Belà ©n y veamos esto que ha sucedido, y que el Seà ±or nos ha dado a conocer. Fueron de prisa y hallaron a Marà ­a y a Josà ©, y al nià ±o acostado en el pesebre. Al verle, dieron a conocer lo que les habà ­a sido dicho acerca de este nià ±o. Todos los que oyeron se maravillaron de lo que los pastores les dijeron; pero Marà ­a guardaba todas estas cosas, meditndolas en su corazà ³n. Los pastores se volvieron, glorificando y alabando a Dios por todo lo que habà ­an oà ­do y visto, tal como les habà ­a ido dicho. Vocabulary and Grammar Notes Acontecer usually means to happen. It is found mostly in older literature; modern speakers would more likely use pasar, sucedir, or ocurrir. Aquellos is a demonstrative adjective meaning those. Aquellos suggests a more distant point in time than another demonstrative, esos, which also is used for those. By itself, parte is often the equivalent of part in the sense of portion. However, the phrase de parte de is used to indicate who something is coming from, somewhat like on the part of. Todo el mundo, literally all the world, is a common idiom usually translated as everybody. Realizar is usually better thought of as meaning to make real rather than to realize. It is a common  way of saying that something came to be. Iban and fueron are  forms of the verb ir, to go, which has a strongly irregular conjugation. Belà ©n refers to Bethlehem, one of many city names that are substantially different in English and Spanish. Alumbramiento can refer to either physical illumination or the delivery of a baby. Similarly, the idiom dar a luz (literally, to give light) means to give birth. Primogà ©nito is the equivalent of firstborn. Primo- is related to primero, the word for first, and -genito comes from the same root word as genetic. A pesebre is a manger. Although pastor can be the equivalent of pastor, here it refers to a shepherd. A rebaà ±o is a flock. Although Seà ±or here is the equivalent of Lord, it usually is used in modern Spanish as the equivalent of Mr. Se presentà ³ is an example of a reflexive verb usage, which is more common in Spanish than in English. A literal translation would be presented himself, although it could be more simply be translated as appeared. Pueblo here is a collective noun meaning people. It is grammatically singular but plural in meaning. De repente is an idiom meaning immediately. De prisa is an idiom meaning hurriedly. Al verle is an example of using al with an infinitive. Here the indirect object pronoun le is attached to the infinitive ver. Al in this type of construction is often translated as upon, so al verle means upon seeing him. Meditndolas is an example of attaching a direct object pronoun, las, to a gerund, meditando. Note that the addition of the pronoun requires the addition of an orthographic accent to the third syllable.

Specalist Radiographic Imaging Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Specalist Radiographic Imaging - Case Study Example In this analysis, the case of a 68 years old male with jaundice and a history of pain in the upper right quadrant is under investigation. The patient also has a history of colonic cancer. The subsequent liver tests undertaken on the patient are deranged, thus unable to give a clear indication of the decease the patient is suffering from. Nonetheless, based on the initial symptoms as seen in the patient, the patient will be diagnosed with Cholelithiasis (Gallstones). Thus, the focus of this essay is to determine the most suitable imaging strategy applicable for diagnosing this patient, which will also entail the evaluation of the appropriate diagnosis procedure and the applicable disease management measures. The patient undergoing disease investigation and treatment, in this case, is a 68-year-old male. The symptoms that have been demonstrated by the patient are jaundice and pain in the upper quadrant of the right hand. Jaundice refers to a yellowish discoloration that is observable on the skin, the white of the eyes and on the mucous membranes (Goresky & Fisher, 1975). Jaundice is caused by an elevated level of bilirubin in the blood and is by itself not considered to be a disease per se. Thus, jaundice is a visible sign of another underlying disease process (Bateson, 1986). Most especially, jaundice is a disease that is associated with children and very rare with adults. Therefore, when jaundice appears in adults, it might indicate the presence of another threatening and potentially fatal health condition (Khan, Alcorn & Hanson, 2014). In adults, jaundice is caused by medical conditions that alter either the normal metabolism or the excretion of bilirubin, causing the dysfunction of th ese processes.

Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 91

Assignment - Essay Example The entire history of the horses was contained in the international museum of the horse in the park where visitors get the opportunity to learn about horse history (Clarke, 2013). Apart from the world horse history, I also liked the parks sculptures of horses starting with the life-size Man O War statue that captures the attention of any visitor at the entrance of the park. Also other statues include that of Bret Hanover and the United States 1973 winner of the Triple Crown Secretariat (Clarke, 2013). While at the Kentucky Horse Farm I experienced a guided 40 minutes of horseback trail riding as a group activity and dressing in the authentic riders costume for the event. The viewing the parks sceneries from the back of a horse through the trails and bridle paths was such an exciting experience of a life time. I was enchanted as the trail took us to the immense serene view of the blue plains of Kentucky through the beautiful countryside of the park. In addition to horseback riding I got to experience a ride in the horse drawn tours and carriages through the streets of the Kentucky Horse Park just like in the ancient days in history. At the Alltech indoor arena I attended the daily equine horse presentations that were so spectacular. The event showcased the different breeds of horses in the park doing their awesome presentations to the anticipating crowd of viewers that were packed to capacity at the arena. The Kentucky Horse Park fosters the regional and community identity of the people of Lexington a town commonly referred to as the Horse Capital of the World by providing visitors with a spectacular display of man and horse relationship (Clarke,2013). The park cherishes horses that are the Lexingtons community identity together with its horse racing culture at the Keeneland Race Course. The park also keeps the history of horses in order to keep the

Commentary for leaflet

Commentary for leaflet My elective was youth justice, within this elective I have chosen the topic of youth crime prevention. The preventative service I am communicating to service users in my leaflet is street-based youth work, this links into risk aspect of the whole family teaching.  Ã‚   The audience that my leaflet is aimed at is 13 to 17 year olds who are socially excluded and are at risk of offending and turning to crime. My audience are also difficult to reach through other services and agencies. My leaflet is advertising a preventative street based service for young people. The purpose is to draw in young people and offer them interesting and alternative interactive and challenging options so that they turn away from involvement in crime. This service is an effective way of youth workers building a rapport especially with young people who do not use centres and have not been previously reached by other means of youth prevention. Government guidance has given me insight and understanding into the links between street based youth work with crime prevention. Government guidance, Transforming Youth Work: Resourcing Excellent Youth Services (2002) has identified that youth work is a key aspect to prevention of crime. The guidance sets out that a contribution of youth service is tackling anti-social behaviour and crime. (pg4). Emphasis is placed on working with young people who may pose a risk of committing anti-social behaviour. The reason I chose this particular focus is that it is a preventative service already offered to young people in hopes of reducing crime, yet it is not as recognised and I feel that it can be an effective method where harder to reach risk groups can involved. Research was published by Joseph Rowntree foundation on the role of street-based youth work in linking socially excluded young people into education, training and work. Crimmins et al (2004) found that street based youth work had been successful in reaching and working with large numbers of the most socially excluded young people (pg 1, Crimmins 2004) The Youth Action Plan was a plan that looks at tackling youth crime. On discussion of prevention, the Youth Action plan recognises focus needs to be given to a smaller minority and to early identification.   Part of the prevention is to tackle unemployment, increasing opportunitiesin a much more targeted and individual way (Youth Action Plan, 2008, pg 1) as part of tackling youth crime, street based teams of youth workers will be in place to tackle groups of young people involved in crime and disorder (Youth Action Plan, 2008pg 7) Street based youth work, promotes development, especially social development. It is designed to be inclusive, empowering and needs led. It can be broken into three separate distinct branches these being mobile, outreach and detached youth work. My leaflet is promoting mobile and detached work. In the leaflet my focus is on activities that we provide as a service as well as opportunities that can be followed, for example, training, education, etc. This is to encourage young people to approach our mobile unit and this is where further work would be undertaken. By advertising potential benefits for young people when they work with street based youth workers, like activities, for example, DJing, sports, bowling, is ensuring that hard to reach youths are also interested. As a result of this, the content of the leaflet is an explanation of what we do, why we do it and examples of what has been provided in the past. The designs is very contemporary and is designed to attract the eye of a young person so they may find it interesting enough to pick up, this is why I have incorporated bright colours with graffiti style writing and pictures to grab attention and attract the reader to reading the leaflet. I chose a leaflet designs that folds in 3 times again as a means to attract and draw the reader in by the cover. The leaflet is also directing the reader to a group on face book and videos on YouTube. These are two known applications that young people use. This was confirmed by the young people I piloted my leaflet to. There are various literatures that relate to prevention of youth crimes and risk of turning to crime. J Margo (2008) explains three different levels of prevention in offending. The secondary level is relevant to my leaflet. The secondary level is more specific and is aimed at target groups who present risk factors. The approach looks at different stages and looks at those who have offended and those who are likely to offend. Street based youth work is a preventive scheme which targets risk groups in who are hard to reach through other agencies. Risk taking is recognised as part of our development, and to take positive and negative risk is very much part of this human development. Sharland (2006, pg 254) argues there has been evidence that presents the nature and success of the transition to adulthood are much influenced by class, culture, material and social resources. As a result of these influences those less privileged struggle harder, are more exposed to risk and more likely to take it. This is that there are structural disadvantages that lead people to take risks and lack of community resources that can be a factor that leads young people to turn to crime. These disadvantages can be related to lack of parents employment, educational qualifications, poor parenting, etc. These pre-existing factors can have an impact on young people and as a result young people with these structural disadvantages are at a risk of turning to crime.( White and Cuneen (as cited in Youth Crime and Justice) 2006 ) Issues of social exclusion of young people is relevant to why youth crime takes place, this exclusion is linked also to marginalisation and disempowerment. As a result of risk factors discussed, young people can be at the risk of being marginalised due to their parents status in the community, this being for example, and lack of employment. As a result young people may feel disempowered and as a result turn towards crime. (Youth Justice Board, 2001) To inform me on the leaflet I piloted my completed leaflet to a group of seven teenagers these included family members and friends in the age range of 13 to 17. In doing so, I collected feedback which led me to make adjustments. In the draft, It was reported that the colours used were too bright, there was too much information and not enough pictures. The final draft was piloted and positive response was seen. I have also looked to sources from the internet and other similar services to be able to guide my direction with the leaflet. A source that informed my leaflet greatly was information from a street based service that is provided by Derbyshire Youth Service. This guided my understanding of street-based youth work and explored the idea of reaching risk groups. Derbyshire Youth service, see street based youth work as having a preventative purpose but recognises young people and encourages them to get involved. The activities that are offered has given me an insight into the content of my leaflet and what activities I could offer. When examining my leaflet in retrospect I found some positive and negative points. The content in my leaflet is very basic and easy to read and understand. This is deliberate, as pointed out when piloted. It is designed this way to ensure that those reading will be able to read the whole leaflet without losing interest and it is also supposed to encourage young people to want to seek further information. However, this could also have a negative impact. The basic information could attract the youngest of my target group but may isolate the eldest, as they may prefer more depth and detail. I have also found that in retrospect the colours and background art used may overload the reader and may be off putting when trying to read the content. In designing this leaflet, there were issues that had an impact on what was included. Due to the restriction in space, all information could not be fitted in. As a result of restriction, there was not a possibility to aim the leaflet and individual from different diverse backgrounds, this is the reason I attempted to keep the leaflet neutral as possible. Within my target audience, there can various sub audiences identified, for example, class, ethnicity, religion, sexuality, disability and gender. These social groups are also significant when designing a leaflet and each group has issues that need to be addressed and affect a service however due to space constrictions, it was impossible to address these individually. In my leaflet, I was aware of these issues indirectly and kept them in mind when designing the leaflet and content. Overall, I feel that my leaflet will reach my target audience and will attract them to involvement with street based youth workers.

Comparison of life with seasons in nature Essay

At do you understand by the Standard Meridian? Answer Standard Meridian is the longitude on the basis of which a country’s standard time is determined. Standard meridians all over the world are generally those longitudes which are exactly divisible by 15 °. The Standard Meridian of India lies at 82 ° 30†² E longitude and it passes through Mirzapur in Uttar Pradesh. The Indian Standard Time is five hours and thirty minutes ahead of the Greenwich Mean Time. Q4) Why is Indian Ocean named after India? Answer Indian Ocean is named after India because India has the longest coastline on the ocean. It is surrounded by the ocean from three sides. The Indian Ocean serves as the major channel for India’s trade with other countries through sea route. It is the strategic importance of India on the Indian Ocean that has resulted in naming the ocean after India. Why has 82 ° 30†² E been chosen as the Standard Meridian of India? Answer 82 ° 30†² E has been chosen as the Standard Meridian of India because this longitude passes through the middle of the country. This balances the time gap of two hours between the westernmost and easternmost parts of India. Also, 82 ° 30†² E is exactly divisible by 15 i.e., a difference of 30 minutes. What is the reason for the time difference of two hours between the western most and eastern most parts of India? Answer There is a time lag of two hours between Gujarat in the west and Arunachal Pradesh in the east. This is because of the difference of almost 30 ° in terms of longitudinal coordinates between Gujarat and Arunachal Pradesh, the westernmost and the easternmost parts of the country, respectively. According to the time system, time increases from west to east by one hour with every 15 °. Since Arunachal Pradesh is 30 ° ahead of Gujarat, there is a time gap of two hours between the two. Which Indian states share their boundaries with Pakistan? What is the effect of this? Answer Four Indian states, namely Jammu and Kashmir, Punjab, Rajasthan and Gujarat  share their boundaries with Pakistan. Owing to their boundaries with Pakistan, these Indian states are of strategic importance to India. Heavy military forces are always deployed in the border areas of these states. Safety of the people of these states is a paramount concern for the government, as India does not share a friendly relation with Pakistan. 7) What is the significance of the Palk Strait and Gulf of Mannar? Where are they situated? Answer The Gulf of Munnar and the Palk Strait are situated in the Indian Ocean towards south of India. They are significant because they form the main dividing line between India and Sri Lanka. The narrow channel of sea formed by the Gulf of Munnar and the Palk Strait divides the Indian peninsula from the island nation of Sri Lanka. Q9) What were the main reasons that facilitated the growth of trade relations of India with the far-off lands? Answer Since ancient times, India has enjoyed the benefits of a favourable location in its trade relations with other countries. It is centrally located in Asia and has access to both land and sea. Since ancient times, India was well connected with countries of West Asia, Europe and China through land routes. These trade routes facilitated the exchange of goods and people on a large scale. Also, India is surrounded by sea from three sides. This opened-up the vast possibilities of maritime trade for India with south-east Asian and African countries. Owing to these favourable conditions, India was able to amass huge wealth through its foreign trade. Describe India’s location in the world. Answer India is located in the northern hemisphere. It is a southward extension of Asia. India has a total area of 3.28 million square km. It is surrounded by sea from three sides. Towards its south is the Indian Ocean, to the east is the Bay of Bengal and to the west is the Arabian Sea. The geographical coordinates of India are 8 ° 4†² N to 37 ° 6†² N latitudes and 68 °7†² E to 97 ° 25†² E longitudes. Tropic of Cancer (23 ° 30†² N) passes midway through India. India has two groups of islands: the Andaman and Nicobar islands in the Bay of Bengal and the Lakshadweep islands in the Arabian Sea. India’s north is bestowed with the mighty Himalayas. It is a favourably located country in the world.

Books are dead Essay

It could be said that books are dead which leads to the question, ‘What are people doing instead? ‘ People are buying and using modern technology indeed of reading books because books are tedious. Would you rather read through a whole chapter in a book just to find an answer to a question, or type in key words into a search engine on a computer and the information be found instantly? Other technologies such as; video, internet and DVD, have superseded them. The more advanced technology appeals to a wider audience and society is not pressurised into enjoying it from an early age if they do not want to, as in the case of books. Books are seen as primitive and dated because they have less to offer the next generation in the form of enjoyment. Furthermore, books are not fashionable in the twenty-first century. This is because popularity within the community is directly proportional to whether the individual has the newest technology or not. The most popular individual has the most recent technological development, such as the latest mobile telephone, and the not so popular individual is left behind, still reading books. Technology is a way to ‘show off’ and ‘showing off’ is a way of making new friends and keeping the existing ones. In addition, we would not have moved forward in time without new technology. For example, in the future, we will be able to travel into space and back, which we would not be able achieve using books. Of course, the maths and science would have originated from books but you would need technology to apply it. There is not point in publishing books anymore because no one has the time to sit down and read them. This is because they are boring and it is too much effort. You also have to be in the right mood to read a book, whereas you do not need to be with technology since there are so many alternatives. Books are a waste of paper and ink, and are we not trying to save the environment? Moreover, books are made by technology, for example, the printing press is made up of machines. So why not use technology in other ways that will be appreciated more? On the other hand, books have survived every new technological development, unlike the video recorder being superseded by the DVD recorder, within a few decades. Books have, and will stand the test of time because one can escape into a story in a book and enjoy it without the need for anyone else. Disappearing into a book is an escapist fantasy because you can interpret it in so many different ways. It also makes a nice change from the more advanced technology the world has to offer.

A Comparison Of Frankendoodle And Frankenstein - 1199 Words

â€Å"Frankendoodle† in Comparison to the Original text â€Å"Frankenstein† Frankenstein is a classic science fiction novel written by Mary Shelley, through the ages, many adaptations have taken the story through various forms of popular culture. SpongeBob Squarepants, a popular children s television show often alludes to classic literature, and makes it entertaining for all ages. While this example is quite comical, it does hold classical elements associated with Frankenstein, but takes a spin on the classic science fiction novel. In this essay I will consider the similarities and differences between the two texts; â€Å"Frankendoodle† as well as Frankenstein. By looking at the allusion apparent in â€Å"Frankendoodle†, it is clear to see that many of the†¦show more content†¦Being an artist is a heavy responsibility. Each work of art is like a child and must be treated as such. (Frankendoodle Transcript line 34) Patrick continues on and draws and one of SpongeBob’s neighbours Squidward. When the drawing comes to life, both Spo ngeBob and Patrick decide it is â€Å"[...]kind of creepy when it moves† (Frankendoodle Transcript line 38), and decide to erase and allow their minds to be at ease. Following, SpongeBob decides to make a replica of himself named â€Å"Doodlebob† (also known as Frankendoodle) which they use to frighten his neighbour for entertainment. As both Patrick and SpongeBob watch their creation scare their neighbour, Squidward is being brutally beaten by Doodlebob. It s revealed that both SpongeBob and Patrick are completely terrified of Doodlebob, and Patrick outright refuses to confront him, until being convinced by SpongeBob. At this point in the text, Doodlebob has stolen the pencil that gave him life and even recreates SpongeBob s house, proving that although he is unable to communicate, he bares enough intelligence to be spiteful of his creator. SpongeBob gains the upper hand while all three dual for the ownage of the magic pencil and erases DoodleBob face while exclaim ing: â€Å"I brought you into this world and now I m gonna take you out. Any last words?† (Frankendoodle Transcript line 77) SpongeBobShow MoreRelatedFrankendoodle And Frankenstein1079 Words   |  5 PagesFrankenstein is a classic science fiction novel written by Mary Shelley, through the ages, many adaptations have taken the story through various forms of popular culture. SpongeBob Squarepants, a popular children s television show often alludes to classic literature, and makes it entertaining for all ages. While this example is quite comical, it does hold classical elements associated with Frankenstein, but takes a spin on the classic science fiction novel. In this essay I will consider the similarities